Able to mobilize?
Able to tolerate pain?
No neurologic symptoms?
Stable fracture pattern (neurologically intact)
Transverse process fractures
Spinous process fractures
Mild compression fractures (< 30% height loss)
No fractures at multiple levels
No significant focal kyphotic deformity (< 15 )
T/L injury detected on imaging?
Obtain Images 2 view T/L spine x-ray
OR CT T/L spine
OR Recon T/L from CT chest/abdomen/pelvis
Unexplained abnormal neurologic exam
T or L spine pain
T or L spine step off
High risk mechanism
ETOH/drug intoxication
Identified c-spine fracture
Abdominal/pelvic contusion with lap belt injury
GCS <14
Chest pain
Posterior rib fractures
< 14 yrs.
Hemodynamic instability
Suspected child abuse